💡 Key Concepts

How to Build Better Habits in 4 Simple Steps

7 concepts to master

Four Laws of Behavior Change

Concept

A framework for building good habits and breaking bad ones based on the four-step habit loop, which involves making the cue obvious, the craving attractive, the response easy, and the reward satisfying.

How It Works

Each law targets a key stage in the habit loop (cue, craving, response, reward) to make habits more likely to form and stick; conversely, to break a bad habit, one should make the cue invisible, the craving unattractive, the response difficult, and the reward unsatisfying. These laws act as levers to influence behavior.

Habit

Concept

A habit is a behavior that has been repeated enough times to become automatic.

How It Works

Habits form through a feedback loop: a cue triggers a craving, which motivates a response, which provides a reward, reinforcing the association between the cue and the behavior.

Habit Loop

Concept

The habit loop is a neurological feedback loop consisting of cue, craving, response, and reward, that allows the brain to create automatic habits.

How It Works

The cue triggers a craving, the craving motivates a response, the response provides a reward, and the reward reinforces the craving ’s association with the initial cue, creating a continuous loop.

Cue

Concept

A cue is a trigger that initiates a behavior by predicting a reward.

How It Works

The mind continuously scans the internal and external environment for cues that signal the location of rewards. The cue is the first indication that we’re close to a reward.

Craving

Concept

A craving is the motivational force behind every habit, driven by the desire to change one's internal state.

How It Works

Cravings arise from the anticipation of the reward a habit delivers, and they differ from person to person based on individual experiences and associations with cues.

Response

Concept

The response is the actual habit performed, whether a thought or an action, which depends on motivation and the amount of friction associated with the behavior.

How It Works

A response occurs if one is sufficiently motivated and capable of performing the action; physical or mental effort required affects whether the behavior is enacted.

Reward

Concept

A reward is the end goal of every habit, satisfying a craving and teaching the brain which actions are worth remembering.

How It Works

Rewards close the feedback loop, delivering satisfaction and reinforcing the association between a cue, response, and the resulting pleasure or relief.